Central Europe Campaign

Examples of Central Europe Campaign in the following topics:

• The Allied Push to Berlin

  • This is known as the "Central Europe Campaign" in United States military histories.
  • This is often considered the end of the second World War in Europe.
  • By the beginning of the Central Europe Campaign, Allied victory in Europe was inevitable.
  • The crossing of the Rhine, the encirclement and reduction of the Ruhr, and the sweep to the Elbe-Mulde line and the Alps all established the final campaign on the Western Front as a showcase for Allied superiority in maneuver warfare.
  • Drawing on the experience gained during the campaign in Normandy and the Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine, the Western Allies demonstrated in Central Europe their capability of absorbing the lessons of the past.

• A World War

  • The Seven Years War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines (.
  • Prussia was the rising power in central Europe and the British paid Frederick substantial subsidies to support his campaigns.
  • In 1756 a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean.
  • In 1763 a peace settlement was reached at the Treaty of Hubertusburg ending the war in central Europe.
  • 1763 peace settlement reached at the Treaty of Hubertusburg ending the war in central Europe.

• The North African Front

  • It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts (Western Desert Campaign, also known as the Desert War) and in Morocco and Algeria (Operation Torch) and Tunisia (Tunisia Campaign).
  • The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German-occupied Europe.
  • After the British defeats in the Balkan Campaign, the Western Desert Campaign had become more important to British strategy.
  • Roosevelt, suspected the African operation would rule out an invasion of Europe in 1943 but agreed to support the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
  • The British Eighth Army bypassed the Axis defence on the Mareth Line in late March and First Army in central Tunisia launched their main offensive in mid-April to squeeze the Axis forces until their resistance in Africa collapsed.

• The Guadalcanal Campaign

  • Guadalcanal marked the decisive Allied transition from defensive operations to the strategic initiative in the Pacific theater, leading to offensive operations such as the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, and Central Pacific campaigns, that eventually resulted in Japan's surrender and the end of World War II.
  • The victories at Milne Bay, Buna-Gona, and Guadalcanal marked the Allied transition from defensive operations to the strategic initiative in the theater, leading to offensive operations such as the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, and Central Pacific campaigns, that eventually resulted in Japan's surrender and the end of World War II.
  • The Battle of Guadalcanal was one of the first prolonged campaigns in the Pacific, alongside the related and concurrent Solomon Islands campaign.
  • The Guadalcanal campaign was costly to Japan strategically and in material losses and manpower.
  • The "Europe first" policy of the United States had initially only allowed for defensive actions against Japanese expansion, in order to focus resources on defeating Germany.

• The Crusades

  • The Crusades were military campaigns sanctioned by the Roman Catholic Church during the High and Late Middle Ages.
  • Generally, the Crusades refer to the campaigns in the Holy Land sponsored by the papacy against Muslim forces.
  • There were other crusades against Islamic forces in southern Spain, southern Italy, and Sicily, as well as campaigns of Teutonic knights against pagan strongholds in Eastern Europe.
  • Christianity had spread throughout Europe, Africa, and the Middle East in Late Antiquity, but by the early 8th century Christian rule had become limited to Europe and Anatolia after the Muslim conquests.
  • This formed a unified Muslim polity, which led to a rapid expansion of Arab power, the influence of which stretched from the northwest Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, southern Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees.

• Roosevelt's Fourth Term

  • Dewey ran an energetic campaign, but as expected, Roosevelt prevailed.
  • The President campaigned in favor of a strong United Nations, so his victory symbolized support for the nation's future participation in the international community.
  • Churchill pressed for free elections and democratic governments in Eastern and Central Europe (specifically Poland).
  • Stalin demanded a Soviet sphere of political influence in Eastern and Central Europe, an essential aspect of the USSR's national security strategy.
  • Less than a month after his death, on May 8, the war in Europe ended.

• Britain's Strategy

  • It occurred between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland, Norway, and some other Allies, which encompassed Northern, Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe from June 22, 1941 to May 9, 1945.
  • The Mediterranean Theater, commonly discussed together with operations in the Middle East, saw interconnected naval, land, and air campaigns fighting for control of the Mediterranean, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and Southern Europe.
  • British strategy was one of survival, defending the British isles directly in the Battle of Britain (according to British historians: July 10 - October 31, 1940) and indirectly by defeating Germany in the Battle of the Atlantic (the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945) and the combined Axis powers in the North African Campaign.
  • The fall of France left Britain alone among formally non-neutral states in Europe.
  • Allied forces then commenced an invasion of Southern Europe, resulting in the Italians deposing Mussolini and joining the Allies.

• Sicily and Italy

  • The Italian Campaign of World War II was the name of Allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe.
  • The Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky, was a major campaign, in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis.
  • It was a large scale amphibious and airborne operation, followed by six weeks of land combat that launched the Italian Campaign.
  • The plan for Operation Husky called for the amphibious assault of the island by two armies, one landing on the south eastern coast and one on the central southern coast.
  • Mussolini's Social Republic exercised nominal sovereignty in northern and central Italy, but was largely dependent on German troops to maintain control.

• The North Africa Campaign

  • It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts (Western Desert Campaign or Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria (Operation Torch), and Tunisia (Tunisia Campaign).
  • The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German-occupied Europe.
  • The Western Desert Campaign, also known as the Desert War, was the initial stage of the North African Campaign.
  • After the British defeats in the Balkan Campaign, the Western Desert Campaign had become more important to British strategy.
  • Identify the effectiveness of the Western Desert Campaign, Operation Torch, and the Tunisia Campaign.

• Campaign Finance Reform

  • ., campaign finance reform is the common term for the political effort to change the involvement of money in political campaigns.
  • The Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) of 1972 required candidates to disclose sources of campaign contributions and campaign expenditures.
  • In 1971, Congress passed the Federal Election Campaign Act, requiring broad disclosure of campaign finance.
  • In 1974, fueled by public reaction to the Watergate Scandal, Congress passed amendments to the Act establishing a comprehensive system of regulation and enforcement, including public financing of presidential campaigns and creation of a central enforcement agency, the Federal Election Commission.
  • Other provisions included limits on contributions to campaigns and expenditures by campaigns, individuals, corporations and other political groups.