cardinality

Examples of cardinality in the following topics:

• France and Cardinal Richelieu

  • Cardinal Richelieu (1585-1642), was a French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman, serving as King Louis XIII's Chief Minister (sometimes also called First Minister) from 1624.
  • Although he was a cardinal, he did not hesitate to make alliances with Protestant rulers in attempting to achieve his goals.
  • In 1624, as a result of court intrigues,  Cardinal Richelieu took the place as the King's principal minister.
  • Engraved portrait of Cardinal Richelieu by Robert Nanteuil (1657), Bibliothèque nationale de France.
  • Identify Cardinal Richelieu's main goals and his successes and failures in achieving them.

• Defining Utility

  • Cardinal utility also ranks a series of options in order of preference, but it also measures the magnitude of the utility differences.
  • An example of a statement reflecting cardinal utility is "I would enjoy reading three times more than watching television. " Given how difficult it is to precisely measure preference, cardinal utility is rarely used.

• Cardinal Mazarin and the Fronde

  • Cardinal Mazarin, for years de facto the ruler of France, continued earlier anti-Habsburg policies, was critical to establishing the Westphalian order of sovereign states, and laid the foundation for Louis XIV's absolutism.
  • Cardinal Jules Mazarin was an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician, who served as the Chief Minister to the King of France from 1642 until his death in 1661.
  • After serving in the papal army and diplomatic service and at the French court, he entered the service of France and made himself valuable to King Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu, who brought him into the council of state.
  • The movement soon degenerated into factions, some of which attempted to overthrow Mazarin and to reverse the policies of his predecessor Cardinal Richelieu who had taken power for the crown from great territorial nobles, some of whom became leaders of the Fronde.
  • Mazarin succeeded his mentor, Cardinal Richelieu.

• The Western Schism

  • On April 8, 1378 the cardinals elected a Neapolitan when no viable Roman candidates presented themselves.
  • Many of the cardinals who had elected him soon regretted their decision; the majority removed themselves from Rome to Anagni, where, even though Urban was still reigning, they elected Robert of Geneva as a rival pope on September 20, 1378.
  • Eventually the cardinals of both factions secured an agreement that Benedict and Pope Gregory XII would meet at Savona.
  • They balked at the last moment, and both colleges of cardinals abandoned their popes.
  • A church council was held at Pisa in 1409 under the auspices of the cardinals to try solving the dispute.

• Other Important Trait Theories

  • Gordon Allport's disposition theory includes cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits.
  • Cardinal trait: A trait that dominates and shapes a person's behavior.
  • These are the basic building blocks that shape most of our behavior, although they are not as overwhelming as cardinal traits.

• The Brain and Personality

  • The first of these levels is cardinal traits.
  • A cardinal trait dominates and shapes a person's behavior, and are considered the ruling passions in an individual.
  • They are the basic building blocks that shape behavior, though not to the extent of cardinal traits.

• Louis XV

  • Cardinal Fleury was his chief minister from 1726 until the Cardinal's death in 1743, at which time the young king took sole control of the kingdom.
  • He was aided by André-Hercule de Fleury (later to become Cardinal Fleury), who served as the king's tutor.
  • Made first minister on the death of Cardinal Dubois in August 1723, the Duke of Orléans died in December of the same year.
  • As a result of Bourbon's rising unpopularity, the king dismissed him in 1726 and selected Cardinal Fleury, his former tutor, to replace him.
  • From 1726 until his death in 1743, Cardinal Fleury ruled France with the king's assent.

• Marginal Utility

  • Since utility is rarely measured using cardinal means, it may seem difficult to determine a product's marginal value.

• Set Class and Prime Form (2)

  • Set classes that have the same number of notes in them (we say that they have the same "cardinality") are grouped together: trichords (three-note pitch-class sets) sit together, as do nonachords (nine-note pitch-class sets), and so on.

• Development of the Heart

  • The human venous system develops mainly from the vitelline veins, the umbilical veins, and the cardinal veins, all of which empty into the sinus venosus.