cap-and-trade

(noun)

Cap-and-trade is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants.

Related Terms

Examples of cap-and-trade in the following topics:

  • Introduction to Cooperative Networking

    • In Scotland, a construction business asks for (and receives) the ash waste from a nearby coal-fired electric plant, which it uses to manufacture building materials.
    • In Australia, a building designer teams with a rival architectural firm, a renewable energy supply business, and a construction company to discuss affordable, energy-efficient homes.
    • Further north, a consortium of northeastern and mid-Atlantic states discuss a cap-and-trade program to curb carbon emissions.

  • Energy Policy

    • Under the proposed cap-and-trade program, all GHG emissions credits would be auctioned off, generating an estimated $78.7 billion in additional revenue in FY 2012, steadily increasing to $83 billion by FY 2019.
    • The administration of Barack Obama has proposed an aggressive energy policy reform, including the need for a reduction of CO2 emissions with a cap and trade program, which could help encourage more clean renewable, sustainable energy development.
    • Cap-and-trade is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants.
    • Under the proposed cap-and-trade program, all GHG emissions credits would be auctioned off, generating an estimated $78.7 billion in additional revenue in FY 2012, steadily increasing to $83 billion by FY 2019.
    • Summarize the key provisions of a "cap-and-trade" approach to pollution reduction

  • Quotas

    • In a quota system, the negative externality is capped at a certain amount.
    • This transfer is referred to as a trade.
    • There are several active trading programs for air pollutants.
    • Markets for other pollutants tend to be smaller and more localized.
    • Emissions trading or "cap and trade" is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for reducing the emissions of pollutants.

  • Climate Change

    • This is causing polar icecap melting and a degradation of the protective ozone layer.
    • Another idea for slowing down carbon emissions is a cap-and-trade system.
    • This is a market-based system that would see limits, or caps, set on the amount of greenhouse gasses that could be emitted.
    • A market for these permits would be created so companies that produced lower levels could trade their permits with companies that wished to pollute at a higher rate.
    • Add to that the difficulty that is caused by highly influential business lobby groups, and it becomes apparent why it is so difficult to pass legislation to try and slow climate change.

  • Legislative involvement

    • The conclusion is that a quarter or more of all American public revenues could be replaced if the government started taxing waste and natural resource consumption instead of revenues and income.
    • Equally as true is that most people don't want higher taxes placed on anything – particularly (and paradoxically) if they've already invested significant amounts of money in inefficient homes and businesses, wasteful heating systems, fuel-guzzling vehicles, and so on.
    • Historically, businesses have always fought against most forms of legislation, but the costs associated with climate change are causing many CEOs to think twice about how laws that promote higher taxes and carbon caps can be used to help industry.
    • By banding together to avoid a patchwork of potential costly and conflicting state or regional regulations, the group tried to work with lawmakers to set goals and targets that allow businesses time to make changes and implement solutions that will improve both the environment and energy efficiency, while protecting national trade and the economy.
    • (‘Big Business Pushes Bush on Carbon Caps, Top US CEO's Tell President Action on Climateis Necessary', CBS news/AP)

  • Trade vs. Consumer Promotions

    • Trade promotions are marketing activities executed between manufacturers and retailers.
    • Trade promotions help companies differentiate a product, increase product visibility, and increase the product purchase rate.
    • Companies will often use a combination of trade and consumer promotions when launching a new product.
    • A point of purchase or end cap display can make consumers aware of new products.
    • Differentiate between trade and consumer promotions relative to a product's marketing mix

  • Understanding Future Stock Value

    • P/E Ratio: For example, if the stock is trading at 10 and the EPS is 0.50, the P/E is 20 times.
    • To get a good feeling of what P/E multiple a stock trades at, be sure to look at both the historical and forward ratios.
    • To compute the PEG ratio, divide the Forward P/E by the expected earnings growth rate (historical P/E and historical growth rate are also used to see where the stock has traded in the past).
    • Market Cap, which is short for Market Capitalization, is the value of all of the company's stock.
    • To compute it, add the Market Cap (see above) and the total net debt of the company.

  • Catabolite Activator Protein (CAP): An Activator Regulator

    • The cAMP molecule is a signaling molecule that is involved in glucose and energy metabolism in E. coli.
    • The CAP assists in production in the absence of glucose.
    • CAP is a transcriptional activator that exists as a homodimer in solution, with each subunit comprising a ligand-binding domain at the N-terminus, which is also responsible for the dimerization of the protein and a DNA-binding domain at the C-terminus.
    • Two cAMP molecules bind dimeric CAP with negative cooperativity and function as allosteric effectors by increasing the protein's affinity for DNA.
    • This increases the binding ability of RNA polymerase to the promoter region and the transcription of the genes.

  • Barrier Methods

    • The four types of barriers are the male condom, the female condom, the cervical cap, and the diaphragm.
    • A cervical cap fits over the cervix and blocks sperm from entering the uterus .
    • There are two types of cervical caps, cavity rim caps, which adhere to the cervix, and other caps, which adhere to the vaginal walls around the cervix.
    • After use, cervical caps are washed and stored for reuse.
    • Cervical caps, unlike condoms, are specific to birth control, and do not prevent STIs

  • Patella (The Knee)

    • The patella or "knee cap" is the bone in between the fibula and femur.
    • The patella or "knee cap" is the bone in between the fibula and femur.
    • The base of the patella faces superiorly and is the attachment point for the quadriceps tendon.
    • The posterior surface of the patella contains the medial and lateral facets which articulate with the condyles of the femur.
    • This image shows the position of the patella relative to the articulation of the femur and the tibia.