binary

Examples of binary in the following topics:

• Bases Other than e and their Applications

  • These are $b = 10$ (common logarithm); $b = e$ (natural logarithm), and $b = 2$ (binary logarithm).
  • In this atom we will focus on common and binary logarithms.
  • Binary logarithm ($\log _2 n$) is the logarithm in base $2$.
  • For example, the binary logarithm of $1$ is $0$, the binary logarithm of $2$ is 1, the binary logarithm of $4$ is $2$, the binary logarithm of $8$ is $3$, the binary logarithm of $16$ is $4$, and the binary logarithm of $32$ is $5$.
  • The binary logarithm is often used in computer science and information theory because it is closely connected to the binary numeral system.

• Intorduction to qualitative analysis

  • That is, either an actor was, or wasn't present, and our incidence matrix is binary.
  • This is because the various dimensional methods operate on similarity/distance matrices, and measures like correlations (as used in two-mode factor analysis) can be misleading with binary data.
  • Even correspondence analysis, which is more friendly to binary data, can be troublesome when data are sparse.
  • Block modeling works directly on the binary incidence matrix by trying to permute rows and columns to fit, as closely as possible, idealized images.

• Binary Acids

  • Binary acids are certain molecular compounds in which hydrogen is bonded with a nonmetal.
  • Binary acids are certain molecular compounds in which hydrogen is combined with a second nonmetallic element; these acids include HF, HCl, HBr, and HI.
  • The names of binary acids begin with "hydro-" followed by the name of the other element, modified to end with "-ic."
  • Binary acids are one of two classes of acids, the second being oxoacids (or oxyacids), which consist of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element, which is often a non-metal.
  • It is a member of the binary acids.

• Binary Fission

  • Binary fission is the method by which prokaryotes produce new individuals that are genetically identical to the parent organism.
  • Prokaryotes, such as bacteria, propagate by binary fission.
  • Due to the relative simplicity of the prokaryotes, the cell division process, or binary fission, is a less complicated and much more rapid process than cell division in eukaryotes.

• Introduction to kinds of graphs

  • Figure 3.2 is an example of a binary (as opposed to a signed or ordinal or valued) and directed (as opposed to a co-occurrence or co-presence or bonded-tie) graph.
  • Figure 3.3 is an example of a "co-occurrence" or "co-presence" or "bonded-tie" graph that is binary and undirected (or simple).

• Introduction to Packaging

  • With compiled software, most users will probably not compile the sources themselves, but will instead install from pre-built binary packages (see the section called "Binary Packages").
  • However, those binary packages are still derived from a master source distribution.

• Prokaryotic Reproduction

  • Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by binary fission; they can also exchange genetic material by transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
  • Reproduction in prokaryotes is asexual and usually takes place by binary fission.
  • Binary fission does not provide an opportunity for genetic recombination or genetic diversity, but prokaryotes can share genes by three other mechanisms .
  • Besides binary fission, there are three other mechanisms by which prokaryotes can exchange DNA.

• Introduction to finding equivalence Sets

  • With binary data, numerical algorithms are used to search for classes of actors that satisfy the mathematical definitions of automorphic equivalence.
  • One approach to binary data, "all permutations," (Network>Roles & Positions>Automorphic>All Permutations) literally compares every possible swapping of nodes to find isomorphic graphs.
  • This method can also be applied to binary data by first turning binary adjacency into some measure of graph distance (usually, geodesic distance).

• Binary Packages

  • Although the formal release is a source code package, most users will install from binary packages, either provided by their operating system's software distribution mechanism, or obtained manually from the project web site or from some third party.
  • Here "binary" doesn't necessarily mean "compiled"; it just means any pre-configured form of the package that allows a user to install it on his computer without going through the usual source-based build and install procedures.
  • Whether these binary packages are assembled by people closely associated with the project, or by distant third parties, users are going to treat them as equivalent to the project's official releases, and will file tickets in the project's bug tracker based on the behavior of the binary packages.
  • The main thing packagers need to know is that they should always base their binary packages on an official source release.
  • The developers may respond by putting a disclaimer on the project's web site, and may ask that the packager do the same thing in the appropriate place, so that users of that binary package know what they are getting is not exactly the same as what the project officially released.

• Simplex or multiplex relations in the graph

  • The friendship graph (figure 3.2) showed a single relation (that happened to be binary and directed).
  • The spouse graph (figure 3.3) showed a single relation (that happened to be binary and un-directed).