atropine

Examples of atropine in the following topics:

• Agonists, Antagonists, and Drugs

  • Atropine is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid extracted from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), Jimson weed (Datura stramonium), mandrake (Mandragora officinarum), and other plants of the family Solanaceae.
  • Working as a nonselective muscarinic acetylcholinergic antagonist, atropine increases firing of the sinoatrial node (SA) and conduction through the atrioventricular node (AV) of the heart, opposes the actions of the vagus nerve, blocks acetylcholine receptor sites, and decreases bronchial secretions.
  • In overdoses, atropine is poisonous.

• Primary and Secondary Metabolites

  • Examples of secondary metabolites with importance in industrial microbiology include atropine and antibiotics such as erythromycin and bacitracin.
  • Atropine, derived from various plants, is a secondary metabolite with important use in the clinic.
  • Atropine is a competitive antagonist for acetycholine receptors, specifically those of the muscarinic type, which can be used in the treatment of bradycardia.

• Nomenclature and Structure of Amines

  • Thus, Serotonin and Thiamine are 1º-amines, Coniine is a 2º-amine, Atropine, Morphine and Quinine are 3º-amines, and Muscarine is a 4º-ammonium salt.
  • In contrast, atropine, coniine, morphine, nicotine and quinine have stereogenic pyramidal nitrogen atoms in their structural formulas (think of the non-bonding electron pair as a fourth substituent on a sp3 hybridized nitrogen).

• Human Health and Biodiversity

  • Examples of significant medicines derived from plant compounds include aspirin, codeine, digoxin, atropine, and vincristine .