assumption

Examples of assumption in the following topics:

• Assumptions

  • Economists use assumptions in order to simplify economics processes so that they are easier to understand.
  • Economists use assumptions in order to simplify economic processes so that it is easier to understand.
  • Examples of such assumptions include perfect information, profit maximization, and rational choices.
  • Economists use the simplified assumptions to understand complex events, but criticism increases when they base theories off the assumptions because assumptions do not always hold true.
  • Assess the benefits and drawbacks of using simplifying assumptions in economics

• Meaning Making

  • Meaning making refers to the transformation of learners' assumptions and offers a new interpretation of their prior assumptions.
  • Thus, transformative learning is, in a sense, the deconstruction of learners' prior assumptions through critical reflection as well as the reconstruction of their assumptions through meaning making.

• Conclusion

  • The most important aspect of transformative learning theory is that one has to establish and clarify the learners' prior assumptions.
  • Once this is done, strategies can be developed to help transform these assumptions.
  • Through this developmental process, they become able to free themselves from their previous assumptions and become critical thinkers as well as autonomous learners.

• Rare Events

  • Suppose you make an assumption about a property of the population (this assumption is the null hypothesis).
  • If the sample has properties that would be very unlikely to occur if the assumption is true, then you would conclude that your assumption about the population is probably incorrect.
  • (Remember that your assumption is just an assumption - it is not a fact and it may or may not be true.
  • But your sample data are real and the data are showing you a fact that seems to contradict your assumption. )
  • A "rare event" has occurred (Didi getting the $100 bill) so Ali doubts the assumption about only one $100 bill being in the basket.

• The Role of the Model

  • Any statistical inference requires assumptions.
  • This term typically implies assumptions in between fully and non-parametric approaches.
  • Whatever level of assumption is made, correctly calibrated inference in general requires these assumptions to be correct (i.e., that the data-generating mechanisms have been correctly specified).
  • Incorrect assumptions of simple random sampling can invalidate statistical inference.
  • More complex semi- and fully parametric assumptions are also cause for concern.

• ANOVA Assumptions

  • The results of a one-way ANOVA can be considered reliable as long as certain assumptions are met.
  • The results of a one-way ANOVA can be considered reliable as long as the following assumptions are met:
  • Kempthorne and his students make an assumption of unit-treatment additivity.
  • In the randomization-based analysis, there is no assumption of a normal distribution and certainly no assumption of independence.
  • List the assumptions made in a one-way ANOVA and understand the implications of unit-treatment additivity

• Critical reflection

  • Critical reflection attempts to deconstruct the learner's prior assumptions such as beliefs, value systems, attitudes, and social emotion in a rational way.
  • According to Burbules and Berk (1999), critical thinking is best suited for recognizing faulty arguments, assumptions lacking evidence, and obscure concepts.
  • This anti-technology feeling, therefore, forms their assumption and prevents them from accepting the use of AutoCAD.
  • Adult learners are usually tenacious in holding on to their assumptions, and even if they overcome the initial personal and social resistance to questioning their assumptions, their critical reflection does not become any less troubling (Cranton, 1994, p. 18).
  • The emancipatory domain is the place where learners can free themselves from any restrictions and actively question their assumptions.

• Definition

  • Transformative learning is learning to purposively question one's own assumptions, beliefs, feelings, and perspectives in order to grow or mature personally and intellectually (Herod, 2002).Taylor (1998) suggests that the process of transformation occurs according to the following phases, as suggested by Mezirow:
  • a reintegration of new assumption into one's life on the basis of conditions dictated by one's new perspective.
  • Phase 3, the learner experiences a critical assessment of assumption.
  • In the final phase, the learner reintegrates new assumptions into their life on the basis of conditions dictated by their new perspective.
  • Upon completion of the 10 phases, the learners will have transformed their own beliefs, assumptions and experiences into a new meaningful perspective.

• Checking the Model and Assumptions

  • There are a number of assumptions that must be made when using multiple regression models.
  • When working with multiple regression models, a number of assumptions must be made.
  • These assumptions are similar to those of standard linear regression models.
  • The following are the major assumptions with regard to multiple regression models:
  • In practice, this assumption is invalid (i.e., the errors are heteroscedastic) if the response variables can vary over a wide scale.

• Centrality of experience

  • People's assumptions are generally constructed by their interpretation of experience.