Army Corps of Engineers

Examples of Army Corps of Engineers in the following topics:

• Moving West

  • These included the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Land Office, the U.S.
  • Transportation was a key issue and the Army (especially the Army Corps of Engineers) was given full responsibility for facilitating navigation on the rivers.
  • Army expeditions up the Missouri River from 1818-25 allowed engineers to improve the technology.
  • For example, the Army's steamboat "Western Engineer" of 1819 combined a very shallow draft with one of the earliest stern wheels.
  • Thomas Jefferson thought of himself as a man of the frontier and was keenly interested in expanding and exploring the West.

• Territorial Government

  • Transportation was a key issue, and the army, especially the Army Corps of Engineers, was given full responsibility for facilitating navigation on the rivers.
  • Army expeditions up the Missouri River in 1818–1825 allowed engineers to improve the technology.
  • These improvements to governance still left plenty of room for profiteering.
  • As part of public policy, the government would award public land to certain groups such as veterans, through the use of "land scrip."
  • Summarize the level of federal involvement in the governance of the West

• The Atomic Bomb

  • After Japan did not respond to a threat of destruction, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.
  • From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the US Army Corps of Engineers.
  • The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; Manhattan gradually superseded the official code name, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project.
  • The resulting explosion had a blast yield equivalent to 21 kilotons of TNT but was confined to the Urakami Valley and a major portion of the city was protected by the intervening hills, resulting in the destruction of about 44% of the city.
  • Assess the damages of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and summarize the production of the atomic bomb through the Manhattan Project

• The Western Frontier

  • The Army (especially the Army Corps of Engineers) was given full responsibility for facilitating navigation on the rivers.
  • Army expeditions up the Missouri River from 1818 to 1825 allowed engineers to improve the technology.
  • For example, the Army's steamboat, the Western Engineer, of 1819 combined a very shallow draft with one of the earliest stern wheels.
  • The popular image of the Wild West portrayed in books, television, and film has been one of violence and mayhem.
  • The lure of quick riches through mining or driving cattle meant that much of the West indeed consisted of rough men living a rough life, although the violence was exaggerated and even glorified in the dime-store novels of the day.

• Hurricane Katrina

  • Most of the major roads traveling into and out of the city were damaged.
  • A June 2007 report released by the American Society of Civil Engineers determined that the failures of the levees and floodwalls in New Orleans were found to be primarily the result of system design and construction flaws, rather than the result of natural forces beyond intended design strength.
  • Army Corps of Engineers is federally mandated in the Flood Control Act of 1965 with responsibility for the conception, design, and construction of the region's flood-control system.
  • According to report published in August 2015 in the official journal of the World Water Council, the corps misinterpreted the results of a 1985 study and wrongly concluded that sheet piles in the flood walls needed to be driven to depths of only 17 feet instead of between 31 and 46 feet.
  • Charitable organizations such as the American Red Cross, America's Second Harvest (now known as Feeding America), the Southern Baptist Convention, the Salvation Army, and Oxfam provided help to the victims of the storm.

• Economic Nationalism

  • These programs included the establishment of the Patent Office in 1802; the creation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1807; other measures to improve river and harbor navigation created by the 1824 Rivers and Harbors Act; and the various army expeditions to the west, beginning with Lewis and Clark's Corps of Discovery in 1804 and continuing into the 1870s.
  • Western expeditions were almost always under the direction of an officer from the Army Corps of Topographical Engineers, which provided crucial information for the overland pioneers that followed.
  • Other programs included the assignment of army engineer officers to assist or direct the surveying and construction of early railroads and canals; the establishment of the First and Second Banks of the United States; and various protectionist measures such as the Tariff of 1828.
  • The name "American System" was coined by Henry Clay of the Whig Party to distinguish the school of thought from the competing theory of economics at the time, the British System, represented by Adam Smith in his work An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.
  • Henry Clay is considered the Father of the American System of economics.

• The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

  • The 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) was equipped with the specialized Silverplate version of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, that could deliver them from Tinian in the Mariana Islands.
  • Sixth Army intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū.
  • First, Eighth and Tenth Armies, as well as a Commonwealth Corps made up of Australian, British and Canadian divisions.
  • Army Corps of Engineers, designed and built the first atomic bombs.
  • Little Boy was a gun-type fission weapon that used uranium-235, a rare isotope of uranium separated at the Clinton Engineer Works at Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

• Mobilization and the Development of the West

  • Margaret Craighill became the first female doctor to become a commissioned officer in the United States Army Medical Corps.
  • The Army established the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) in 1942, which served overseas in North Africa.
  • The WAAC was converted to the Women's Army Corps (WAC) in 1943 and recognized as an official part of the regular Army.
  • In 1943, the Women's Army Corps recruited a unit of Chinese-American women to serve with the Army Air Forces as "Air WACs. " The first two women to enlist in the unit were Hazel (Toy) Nakashima and Jit Wong.
  • The Marine Corps created the Marine Corps Women's Reserve in 1943.

• Changing Roles for Women

  • The Army established the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) in 1942, later converted to the Women's Army Corps (WAC) in 1943, and recognized as an official part of the regular army.
  • Margaret Craighill became the first female doctor to become a commissioned officer in the United States Army Medical Corps.
  • Higbee, the ship's namesake, was the Superintendent of the Navy Nurse Corps from 1911 until 1922.
  • The Marine Corps created the Marine Corps Women's Reserve in 1943.
  • The first director of the Marine Corps Women's Reserve was Mrs.

• The Bonus Army

  • The principal demand of the Bonus Army was the immediate cash payment of their certificates.
  • Retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler, one of the most popular military figures of the time, visited the Bonus Army's camp to back the effort and encourage them.
  • Army Chief of Staff, General Douglas MacArthur, commanded the infantry and cavalry supported by six tanks.
  • A second, smaller Bonus March in 1933 at the start of the Roosevelt Administration, was defused in May with an offer of jobs for the Civilian Conservation Corps at Fort Hunt, Virginia, which most of the group accepted.
  • Discuss the demands of the Bonus Army marchers and the outcome of their campaign