advocacy
Psychology
(noun)
The practice of supporting someone to make their voice heard.
Political Science
(noun)
The act of arguing in favor of, or supporting something.
Examples of advocacy in the following topics:
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The Function of Interest Groups
- An advocacy group is a group or an organization that tries to influence the government but does not hold power in the government.
- Advocacy groups exist in a wide variety of genres based upon their most pronounced activities .
- This is often accompanied by one of the above types of advocacy groups filing Amicus curiae if the cause at stake serves the interests of both the legal defense fund and the other advocacy groups.
- Advocacy groups seek to influence government policy.
- In cases such as public libraries, advocacy groups have been critical in lobbying for continued funding across the nation.
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Leadership
- Interest groups often rely on leaders to organize their fundraising and make their advocacy efforts successful.
- Some interest groups, especially corporations, hire lobbyiststo lead their advocacy efforts.
- Interest groups may be broader than one formal organization, in which case advocacy may form a social movement.
- Interest groups with a de facto leader may be more successful at sustained political advocacy than those with no clear hierarchy, because a clearly defined leader allows for more efficient organization of fundraising efforts, demonstrations, and campaigns.
- That being said, social scientists often disagree when defining social movements and the most effective forms of advocacy, finding that leadership plays an ambiguous role in terms of the overall success of many interest groups.
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Single-Issue Interest Groups
- Single-issue interest groups focus on advocacy around a single defining issue.
- Interest groups use various forms of advocacy in order to influence public opinion and/or policy.
- Interest groups work through advocacy, public campaigns, and even lobbying governments to make changes in public policy.
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Interest Groups
- However, they are generally distinct from advocacy groups and pressure groups which are normally set up for the specific political aim.
- Advocacy groups use various forms of advocacy in order to influence public opinion and/or policy.
- Some advocacy groups have developed into important social, political institutions or social movements.
- An advocacy group is a group or an organization that tries to influence the government, but does not hold power in the government.
- Advocacy groups exist in a wide variety of genres based upon their most pronounced activities.
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Cohesiveness
- Advocacy groups that form along ideological, ethnic, or foreign policy objectives tend to have higher levels of internal cohesion.
- Advocacy groups use various forms of advocacy to influence public opinion and/or policy; they have played and continue to play an important part in the development of political and social systems.
- An ethnic interest group, according to the political scientist Thomas Ambrosio, is an advocacy group established along cultural, ethnic, religious, or racial lines by an ethnic group for the purposes of directly or indirectly influencing the foreign policy of their resident country in support of the homeland and/or ethnic kin abroad with which they identify.
- In general, groups who seek to influence government policy on domestic or foreign issues are referred to as "advocacy groups. " Those interest groups, established by ethnic identity groups, are referred to as ethnic interest groups.
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Interest Groups vs. Political Parties
- Advocacy groups exert influence on political parties, mostly through campaign finance.
- In most liberal democracies, advocacy groups tend to use the bureaucracy as the main channel of influence.
- Advocacy groups can also exert influence on political parties, and have often done so.
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Interest Groups
- Foreign policy interest groups are domestic advocacy organizations which seek to influence the government's foreign policy.
- Foreign policy interest groups, which are domestic advocacy organizations seeking to directly or indirectly influence the government's foreign policy, are a key player in U.S. foreign policy.
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Ideological Interest Groups
- Interest groups work through advocacy, public campaigns, and even directly lobbying governments to change public policy.
- Additionally, these organizations use a variety of strategies including public education, representation, member participation, and advocacy with governments that includes lobbying and litigation.
- Examples include the National Rifle Association (NRA), a gun rights advocacy group, or AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP), an LGBTQ group advocating around AIDS research and health.
- While both focus on one main unifying issue, their advocacy work is also driven by larger ideological concerns.
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Interest Groups
- There are many significant advocacy groups through history, some of which operate with different dynamics and could better be described as social movements.
- Advocacy groups use various forms of advocacy to influence public opinion and/or policy; they have played and continue to play an important part in the development of political and social systems.
- Research is beginning to explore how advocacy groups use social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
- There are many significant advocacy groups throughout history, some of which operate with different dynamics and could better be described as social movements.
- In some instances, advocacy groups have been convicted of illegal activity.
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Corporate Advertising
- Advocacy advertising is related to institutional advertising.
- The difference is that in advocacy advertising, the sponsor pushes a point of view that may have nothing to do with selling the product or building an image.
- According to Professor Robert Shayon of the University of Pennsylvania Annenberg School of Communications, corporations have taken to advocacy advertising because they feel they are not getting a fair shake from what they believe to be a generally hostile press; and because they are convinced that the business world can make significant contributions to public debate on issues of great importance-energy, nuclear power, conservation, environment, taxation, and free enterprise, among others.
- However, it is difficult to identify the difference between advocacy advertising and institutional advertising, which is a tax-deductible expense.