scientific method

Examples of scientific method in the following topics:

• Types of Supporting Materials

  • Scientific evidence is evidence which serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis.
  • Such evidence is expected to be empirical and in accordance with scientific method.
  • Standards for scientific evidence vary according to the field of inquiry, but the strength of scientific evidence is generally based on the results of statistical analysis and the strength of scientific controls.More broadly, scientific evidence can be any statistic or fact that has been proven to be true through rigorous scientific methods.
  • Personal experience is useful for emotional appeals, but is not always good for more scientific arguments.
  • Statistics are a type of scientific evidence that can bolster arguments.

• Reflective Thinking

  • Reflective thinking is using the scientific method to make a decision.
  • Dewey's method of critical thinking involves a disciplined mind in order to gain knowledge .
  • In public speaking, John Dewey's methods of reflective thinking are often taught to students.

• Listening and Critical Thinking

  • Critical thinking has many practical applications, such as formulating a workable solution to a complex personal problem, deliberating in a group setting about what course of action to take, or analyzing the assumptions and methods used in arriving at a scientific hypothesis.

• Using Supporting Materials

  • For example, scientific evidence is absolutely necessary in settings such as an exam.
  • Scientific evidence is used to prove that a set of facts or conditions is present in the world.
  • Using non-scientific evidence comes with some dangers, however.
  • Non-scientific information is not often generalizable.
  • Some audiences are skeptical of non-scientific supporting materials for this very reason.

• Choosing the Main Points

  • On the other hand, if you are presenting scientific research to a mixed audience of academics and wealthy donors, you need to navigate a varied set of interests, agendas, and levels of knowledge as you select your main points.
  • Demonstrate a variety of methods to help you choose your main points based on your audience and the purpose of your speech

• Using Supporting Materials Effectively

  • The idea being supported: if you are trying to explain that your favorite ice cream is chocolate, then scientific evidence about the molecular composition of chocolate ice cream is not as effective as personal accounts .
  • For logical appeals, all types can again be used, though the most effective support is scientific evidence, because it is empirical and true.

• Choosing Your Method of Delivery

  • Speakers may or may not be able to choose a delivery method, but keeping best speech practices in mind leads to success in each situation.
  • Often you will not have a choice in the method of the delivery; the demands of the situation or the occasion may dictate the method.
  • You will want to develop your own persona for all methods of delivery.
  • You may observe certain ways or methods in other speakers that will fit in naturally with your style and temperament, so you adopt them.
  • Develop your personal delivery style, considering the four methods of speech delivery

• Brainstorming

  • Brainstorming is one method to finding the right topic for a speech.
  • In addition to these other methods of finding and selecting the right topic, brainstorming is an effective means for generating potential speech topics.
  • Brainstorming should feel less stressful than other methods of generating ideas.
  • Employ brainstorming as a method to help you generate topic ideas

• Variations in Accuracy

  • Typically, you'll turn to scholarly sources such as academic journals, scientific research, or data.

• Using Different Kinds of Appeals

  • Evidential appeals are also the basis for scientific research.