Examples of pump and dump in the following topics:
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- Therefore, it can be discovered and voluntarily defused before any corruption occurs.
- As an example, in the sphere of business and control, according to the Institute of Internal Auditors:
- A conflict of interest could impair an individual's ability to perform his or her duties and responsibilities objectively. "
- Pump and dump, in which a stockbroker who owns a security artificially inflates its price by "upgrading" it or spreading rumors, sells the security and adds short position, then "downgrades" it or spreads negative rumors to push its price down.
- Outline how self-dealing, outside employment, family interests, pump and dumps, and gifts exemplify conflicts of interest, and differentiate that from an impropriety
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- Up to 20% of the world's motors are used for pumping purposes and most of what they pump is water.
- Water and wastewater pumps consume over 50 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in the USA every year (about $4 billion worth of power) and most of the energy they consume is used to fight against the friction created when water is forced through narrow pipes, around bends and up steep inclines.
- Just as with motors, most pumps are bigger and more powerful than they need to be because in many cases production designers did not know what the exact pumping requirements were when the pumping system was being planned.
- The result is that valves and other devices are later installed to create intentional friction to reduce output to manageable levels.
- In some cases, over-sized pumps can be balanced by trimming the impeller or replacing it with one of a smaller diameter (an impeller, which is similar to a propeller, transfers energy from a motor to the fluid being pumped inside a tube or pipe by directing, increasing and pressurizing the fl ow of liquid inside).
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- By redesigning the layout of the entire system, however, the main engineer, a man named Jan Schilham, was able to cut costs, improve efficiency and reduce the overall pumping power needed by 92%.
- Unfortunately, this argument that does not take into account the savings that are made from the lower cost of a smaller pump, the lower costs of operating a smaller motor, and the reduced costs involved with fewer motor controls and fewer electrical components.
- Schilham's second money-saving idea was to lay out the pipes first and install the pumps afterward – which is exactly the reverse of how most people construct a pumping system.
- Most engineers install pumps and motors in a convenient or arbitrary spot and then attach pipes to them.
- Unfortunately, each bend and turn, as well as the number of valves added, increases friction, which requires a larger pump and increases the amount of pipe needed.
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- Eliminate leaks in compressed air lines and valves.
- Eliminate leaks in steam pipes and fittings.
- Insulate pipes and heating equipment to reduce heat loss.
- Consider using industrial heat pumps (IHPs).
- For more information about getting the most from pumps and pumping,visit www.plantservices.com.
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- Its members include the US, Canada, and Mexico.
- The practice of dumping involves a company selling products in overseas markets at very low prices, one intention being to steal business from local competitors.
- In 1993, about 40 nations, counting the European Community as one, had anti-dumping legislation.
- Those in favor of agreements argue that anti-dumping laws penalize those companies who are capable of competing in favor of those companies that are not competitive.
- A common market provides for harmonious fiscal and monetary policies while free trade areas and customs unions do not.
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- A good way to explore waste and costs and how expensive the overall waste picture becomes is with motors.
- Even offices contain scores of motors because motors come in a breath-taking array of sizes from the enormous to the minuscule and are behind just about everything that moves mechanically (e.g. a fan in a computer, a coolant pump in a refrigerator, or a machine on an assembly line).
- The diagram below reveals the amounts of waste inherent in a common industrial pumping system.
- Obviously, as the demand for electricity (and other forms of energy) increases, such large amounts of waste and costs become difficult to ignore.
- Just as important, governments cannot afford to continue building power plants to compensate for wasteful infrastructure, nor can they continue to ignore big picture externalized costs that are traditionally dumped onto consumers.
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- Motors are used to drive almost everything from pumps, conveyers, refrigeration equipment, air compressors and fans to a host of other operations too numerous to mention.
- (Hawken, Paul, Lovins, Amory, and Lovins, Hunter, Natural Capitalism) A new electric motor purchased for $1,500, for example, can cost as much as $13,000 a year to run and a typical 100 horsepower AC induction motor purchased for $5,000 will use as much as $35,000 worth of electricity in a year.
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- For example, in the state of New York, children living in an area named Love Canal began developing rare forms of cancer and other illnesses at a rate that far exceeded what was considered normal (the residents eventually learned that their community had been built on top of a toxic waste dump).
- By the late 1960s, companies were dumping toxic waste into the area's rivers at an increasing pace and the air quality was, according to federal authorities, the worst of any city in the United States.
- Faced with these and other mounting problems, as well as the unprecedented nationwide healthcare and pollution clean-up costs resulting from them, the federal government introduced a series of laws that restricted the amount of pollutants a business could dump while making companies responsible for cleaning up the messes that they created.
- Leaks, spills and other forms of material waste were reduced or eliminated; scrap material was recycled back into production processes; products were reformulated using less toxic and more sustainable substances; and equipment and manufacturing processes were redesigned so that they required fewer raw materials and less energy to produce.
- Fifteen years and hundreds of improvements later, 3M discovered that its efforts had lowered overall waste and emissions by 50% and had resulted in the company saving over $500 million in costs.
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- evaluating the various strategic pricing options and selecting the most appropriate approach
- (TT Nagle, The Strategies and Tactics of Pricing, Prentice-Han, Inc.
- Often companies find it difficult to coordinate and control prices across their activities in order to enable them to achieve effective financial performance and their desired price positioning.
- Dumping (when a firm sells a product in a foreign country below its domestic price or below its actual costs) is often done to build a company's share of the market by pricing at a competitive level.
- Finally, obtaining payment promptly and in a suitable currency from less developed countries can cause expense and additional difficulties.
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- In 2012, American wind turbines pumped out 50 gigawatts of energy (enough to power 15 million homes) and every year the number grows (as do the total number of jobs wind turbines create).
- Wind turbines come in a variety of shapes, sizes and configurations, and usually last around 20 years or longer if they're maintained correctly.
- David Toke of Birmingham University (UK) estimated as far back as 2007 that onshore wind power produced electricity at the equivalent oil price of $50–$60 a barrel (before payback) – and offshore wind power is pumping out energy at the equivalent of $70–$80 per barrel (before payback).
- Keep in mind that Toke's estimates assume a guaranteed income flow of 15–20 years and do not take into account government subsidies associated with coal and oil.
- (Seager, Ashley, ‘Alternative Fuels: Now It's a New Game and Clean Energy is No Longer a Dream', The Guardian)