Examples of organelle in the following topics:
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- numerous membrane-bound organelles (including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria)
- Typically, the nucleus is the most prominent organelle in a cell.
- Mitochondria are oval-shaped, double membrane organelles that have their own ribosomes and DNA.
- All of these organelles are found in each and every eukaryotic cell.
- Chloroplasts are the organelles that carry out photosynthesis.
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- Mitochondria are organelles that are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy-carrying molecule.
- Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles that contain their own ribosomes and DNA.
- Each mitochondrion measures 1 to 10 micrometers (or greater) in length and exists in the cell as an organelle that can be ovoid to worm-shaped to intricately branched.
- Such functions are often associated with the reduced mitochondrion-derived organelles of anaerobic eukaryotes.
- This organelle has an outer membrane and an inner membrane.
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- The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the modification of proteins.
- These modified proteins will be incorporated into cellular membranes—the membrane of the ER or those of other organelles—or secreted from the cell (such as protein hormones, enzymes).
- This transmission electron micrograph shows the rough endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles in a pancreatic cell.
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- The biological levels of organization range from a single organelle all the way up to the biosphere in a highly structured hierarchy.
- Macromolecules can form aggregates within a cell that are surrounded by membranes; these are called organelles.
- Organelles are small structures that exist within cells.
- Taken together, all of these levels comprise the biological levels of organization, which range from organelles to the biosphere .
- From a single organelle to the entire biosphere, living organisms are parts of a highly structured hierarchy.
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- Lysosomes are organelles that digest macromolecules, repair cell membranes, and respond to foreign substances entering the cell.
- If no food is provided, the lysosome's enzymes digest other organelles within the cell in order to obtain the necessary nutrients.
- In addition to their role as the digestive component and organelle-recycling facility of animal cells, lysosomes are considered to be parts of the endomembrane system.
- Other organelles are present in the cell but for simplicity are not shown.
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- A type of organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells, a peroxisome is a membrane-bound cellular organelle that contains mostly enzymes .
- Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain an abundance of enzymes for detoxifying harmful substances and lipid metabolism.
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- Vesicles can also fuse with other organelles within the cell.
- Animal cells have a set of organelles not found in plant cells: lysosomes.
- Enzymes within the lysosomes aid the breakdown of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and worn-out organelles.
- Many reactions that take place in the cytoplasm could not occur at a low pH, so again, the advantage of compartmentalizing the eukaryotic cell into organelles is apparent.
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- Animal cells have another set of organelles not found in plant cells: lysosomes.
- Enzymes within the lysosomes aid the breakdown of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and even worn-out organelles.
- Many reactions that take place in the cytoplasm could not occur at a low pH, so the advantage of compartmentalizing the eukaryotic cell into organelles is apparent.
- Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that carry out photosynthesis.
- Some bacteria perform photosynthesis, but their chlorophyll is not relegated to an organelle.
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- More detailed electron microscopic comparisons between cyanobacteria and chloroplasts combined with the discovery that plastids (organelles associated with photosynthesis) and mitochondria contain their own DNA led to a resurrection of the idea in the 1960s.
- The possibility that the peroxisome organelles may have an endosymbiotic origin has also been considered, although they lack DNA.
- A eukaryote with mitochondria engulfed a cyanobacterium in an event of serial primary endosymbiosis, creating a lineage of cells with both organelles.
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- If all the organelles were removed from a cell, the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm would not be the only components left.
- Within the cytoplasm there would still be ions and organic molecules, plus a network of protein fibers that help maintain the shape of the cell, secure some organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enable unicellular organisms to move independently.