nodule

Examples of nodule in the following topics:

• Symbiosis between Bacteria and Eukaryotes

  • Soil bacteria, collectively called rhizobia, are able to symbiotically interact with legumes to form nodules: specialized structures where nitrogen fixation occurs .
  • Nitrogenase, the enzyme that fixes nitrogen, is inactivated by oxygen, so the nodule provides an oxygen-free area for nitrogen fixation to take place.
  • Soybean (Glycine max) is a legume that interacts symbiotically with the soil bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum to form specialized structures on the roots called nodules where nitrogen fixation occurs.

• Nitrogen Fixation: Root and Bacteria Interactions

  • Soil bacteria, collectively called rhizobia, symbiotically interact with legume roots to form specialized structures called nodules in which nitrogen fixation takes place .
  • Soybean roots contain (a) nitrogen-fixing nodules.
  • Cells within the nodules are infected with Bradyrhyzobium japonicum, a rhizobia or "root-loving" bacterium.

• Nutrients from Other Sources

  • A symbiont is a plant in a symbiotic relationship with other organisms, such as mycorrhizae (with fungi) or nodule formation.
  • Root nodules occur on plant roots (primarily Fabaceae) that associate with symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
  • Within legume nodules, nitrogen gas from the atmosphere is converted into ammonia, which is then assimilated into amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, as well as the important energy molecule ATP), and other cellular constituents such as vitamins, flavones, and hormones.

• Physical Properties of Soil

  • In some soils, the B horizon contains nodules or a layer of calcium carbonate.

• The Nitrogen Cycle

  • Rhizobium bacteria live symbiotically in the root nodules of legumes (such as peas, beans, and peanuts), providing them with the organic nitrogen they need.

• Regulating Immune Tolerance

  • M cells are located in the Peyer's patch, which is a lymphoid nodule.