Pigment

Examples of Pigment in the following topics:

• Encaustic

  • Encaustic painting involves painting with a mixture of heated beeswax to which colored pigments have been added.
  • Encaustic painting, also known as hot wax painting, involves painting with a mixture of heated beeswax to which colored pigments have been added.
  • First, the beeswax mixture is heated; once it is melted, various pigments are added to create the color palette.
  • The simplest encaustic mixture can be made from adding pigments to beeswax, but there are numerous recipes that can be used, such as other types of waxes, damar resin, or linseed oil.
  • Because wax is used as the pigment binder, encaustics can be sculpted as well as painted.

• Fresco

  • The buon fresco technique involves painting with pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster.
  • The pigment is applied and absorbed by the plaster.
  • After drying, the pigment becomes fixed in the plaster via chemical reaction and no binder is required.
  • Buon fresco is considered to be more stable than secco fresco because the pigment becomes embedded within the wall or ceiling itself.
  • With this method, a binder is required since the pigment does not mix with the wet plaster.

• Gouache

  • Gouache, like watercolor, consists of pigment and a binder of gum Arabic, but also contains added material such as chalk or another white pigment, making gouache heavier, more opaque and with greater reflective qualities.
  • Gouache also differs from watercolor in that the particles are larger and the ratio of pigment to water is much higher.

• Dry Media

  • Dry media consist of pigment with no liquid carrier, and include such media as pencils, charcoal, chalk, pastels, crayons and Conte.
  • Dry media in drawing refers to media that are, obviously, not wet; that is, they consist of pigment with no liquid carrier.
  • Pastel sticks or crayons consist of pure powdered pigment combined with a binder.
  • The sticks have a higher portion of pigment and less binder, resulting in brighter colors.
  • A crayon made of oiled chalk is called an oil pastel; when made of pigment with a dry binder, it is simply a pastel.

• Tempera

  • Tempera paint, also known as egg tempera, is a water-soluble paint made from a mixture of pigment in an egg yolk binder.
  • Tempera paint, also known as egg tempera, is a water-soluble paint made from a mixture of pigment in an egg yolk binder.

• Oil

  • Oil painting is the most commonly used of all the painting mediums and involves painting with pigments that have been mixed with an oil binder.
  • Oil painting is the most commonly used painting medium and involves painting with pigments that have been mixed with an oil binder.

• Watercolor

  • Watercolor is a painting medium that consists of pigment with a binder made from gum arabic, a water-soluble compound that is derived from the sap of the acacia tree.
  • The medium is well suited to small format paintings and has a luminous quality due to its relative transparency and the absence of fillers obscuring the pigments .
  • The finish has a pitted, uneven texture, called "tooth", that is prized for its ability to accent the texture of watercolor pigments and brushstrokes.
  • Hot pressed papers are valued because they are relatively nonabsorbent; pigments remain on the paper surface, brightening the color, while the water is not absorbed, so it can produce a variety of water stains or marks as it dries.

• Sculpture of the Qin Dynasty

  • The figures were painted in bright pigments before being placed into the vault, and the original colors of pink, red, green, blue, black, brown, white, and lilac were visible when the pieces were first unearthed.
  • However, exposure to air has caused the pigments to fade and flake off, so today the unearthed figures appear as their natural terracotta color.

• Art in Western Europe

  • The majority of images have been painted onto the stone using mineral pigments, although some designs have also been incised into the stone.
  • There are a few panels of red ochre hand prints and hand stencils made by spitting pigment over hands pressed against the cave surface.
  • These pigments were often diluted to produce variations in intensity and creating an impression of chiaroscuro.

• Paleolithic Cave Paintings

  • The pigments used appear to be red and yellow ochre, manganese or carbon for black, and china clay for white.
  • There are a few panels of red ochre hand prints and hand stencils made by spitting pigment over hands pressed against the cave surface.
  • The artists used polychromy—charcoal and ochre or haematite—to create the images, often diluting these pigments to produce variations in intensity, creating an impression of chiaroscuro.